Migration and Transnationalism: Pacific Perspectives
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Migration and Transnationalism: Pacific Perspectives
Table of Contents
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Pacific Migration and Transnationalism: Historical Perspectives
Introduction: Mobility Within and Beyond the Pacific Islands
Movement to Aotearoa/New Zealand
Movement to Australia
Movement to North America
An Expanded Pacific
Transnationalism: The Wider Literature
Pacific Transnationalism
Remittances and the MIRAB Model
Remittances: Other Perspectives
The Uses of Remittances
The Sustainability of Remittances
Beyond Remittances
Transnationalism and Problems in the Diaspora
Return Migration
The Second Generation
Conclusion
References
2. Forms of Transnationalism, Forms of Tradition
Introduction: Tongan Tradition and Transnational Economy
Cloth and Cash
Money and Tradition
Gifts and Funerals
Cash, Death and Diaspora: The Persistence of Gift-giving
Money as Tongan Gifts
Conclusion
References
3. Samoan Transnationalism: Cultivating ‘Home’ and ‘Reach’
Transnationalism and Social Remittances
Blurring Boundaries:
Matai
and
Tautua
Redefined
Transactions between
I`inei
and
Fafo
Conclusion
References
4. Kinship and Transnationalism
Introduction
Kinship in Samoan Society
Kinship in Action
Foundations of Migrant Samoan Kinship
Migrant Kinship: The Early Period
The Elaboration of Migrant Kinship
The Emergence of ‘Ceremonial Inflation’
The Elaboration of Traditional Ceremonies
The Creation of New Ceremonies
The Limits to Growth
Kinship and Transnationalism
Conclusion
References
5. Travelling Parties: Cook Islanders’ Transnational Movement
The Cook Islands and Migration
Tere Pati
Economics and Travel
Koni Raoni
: Dance, Money and Movement
Conclusion
References
6. Food and Transnationalism: Reassertions of Pacific Identity
Oriental Influences—Earliest Settlements
Modern Oriental Influences
Occidental Influences
Blendings
Conclusions
References
7. Attitudinal Divergence and the Tongan Transnational System
Towards a Quantitative Assessment of Attitudes in the Tongan Transnational System
Factors Identified
Axes of Variation (independent variables)
Analysis
Conclusion
References
8. Griffith’s Transnational Fijians
References
9. Transnationalism of Merchant Seafarers and their Communities in Kiribati and Tuvalu
Introduction
Kiribati and Tuvalu
Placing Seafarers in the Concept of Transnationalism
Movements and Networks of Pacific People
Seafarers and their Homeland: Examples from Kiribati
Conclusions
References
10. ‘I Never Wanted to Come Home’: Skilled Health Workers in the South Pacific
Fiji, Samoa and Tonga
Migration of Health Workers
Return
Conclusion: To the Islands
References
11. The Impact of Transnationalism on Niue
Introduction
Background
Niuean Migration
The Niuean Disapora
Forms of Transnational Connections
Future Developments on Niue
Return Migration
Discussion
References
12. ‘Getting Out from Under’: Leadership, Conflict Resolution and Tokelau Migration
Introduction: Migration and Population Trends
The Transnational Field of Pacific New Zealand
The Modern House of Tokelau: A House Divided?
Forms of Sociality
Some Consequences of Establishing ‘the Modern House’ on Tokelau
Getting Out from Under?
Conclusion: Containment of Conflict and the Transnational Context
References
13. The View from ‘Home’—Transnational Movements from Three Tongan Villages
Three Villages in Tonga
Travel and Distance: Comparing Three Tongan Villages
Conclusion
References
Conclusion: The Concept and Circumstances of Pacific Migration and Transnationalism
Introduction
Definitions of Transnationalism
Understanding Pacific Transnationalism
Identity, Relationship to Homeland and Reciprocity
Identity
Relationship to Homeland
Reciprocity
Permanence and Transition
Dilemmas
References