ANU Press Archive, 1965–1991
A collaborative project undertaken by ANU Press and the ANU Digitisation Team has enabled over 500 scholarly works, originally published by The Australian National University Press between 1965–1991, to be made available to a global audience under its open-access policy.
Displaying results 351 to 375 of 537.
Community and identity: refugee groups in Adelaide »
Publication date: 1972
Published Press Archives http://press.anu.edu.au/node/3165 1885_115040.jpg ANU Press Community and identity: refugee groups in Adelaide Friday, 18 August, 1972 Not available Archive Scholarly Information Services Martin, Jean
Manuscripts in the British Isles relating to Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific. »
Publication date: 1972
This book gathers together for the first time in one place annotated descriptions of manuscripts held in Great Britain and Ireland relating to Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific. The geographic range of the manuscripts extends from Western Australia to the Galapagos and Juan Fernandez, and a curve embracing the Marianas and the Hawaiian Islands to the Antarctic. In time, the work spans from the earliest Spanish voyages to the Pacific to the 1960s. Contents are as diverse as the letter from a noblewoman seeking a colonial sinecure for her husband, the secret instructions given to Captain Cook to seek Terra Australis, documents regarding the murder of Bishop Patteson, and the papers of a young midshipman who sailed on the notorious Bounty. Any manuscript maps, drawings, and paintings which occur with the manuscripts are noted. The work, which was jointly sponsored by the National Library of Australia and the Australian National University, gives the location of a vast amount of source material held in the great collections of the British Isles, national and regional, and also in the records of societies and businesses, and private holdings, many previously unknown. It describes the repositories, notes many books which have printed the manuscripts in full, records restrictions on the use of manuscripts, and is fully indexed. Its value to scholars is immeasurable.
The Uighur empire, according to the T'ang dynastic histories: a study in Sino-Uighur relations 744-840 »
Publication date: 1972
One of the most important aspects of China's foreign policy throughout its entire history has been its attempt to contain the threat of the warlike peoples of Central and Northern Asia and, when possible, to turn their vast power to China's advantage. In the years leading up to An Lu-Shan's attempts from 755 to overthrow the ruling T'ang dynasty, the Uighur people amassed great power in the Mongolian steppes, and their military aid contributed largely to the defeat of the Chinese rebels. The Chinese emperors in return sought to gain diplomatic influence over their neighbours by granting princesses in marriage to the Uighur khaghans. This book, originally published as an Occasional Paper of the Centre of Oriental Studies in 1968, contains translations of two long extracts dealing with the Uighurs from the standard histories of the T'ang, extensively annotated and with an introduction explaining the significance of the Uighurs, their history, and their relations with the T'ang. The annotations and introduction are substantially expanded and revised in this new edition. This is a work of great importance for Sinologists and scholars interested in Central Asia and Mongolia.
This our land »
Publication date: 1972
Australia's Aborigines demand: land rights, an end to discrimination, social and legal justice, education, employment opportunities, housing, health services. If you want to know why read this book!
A thousand miles away: a history of North Queensland to 1920 »
Publication date: 1972
North Queensland is the most successful example in the British Commonwealth of a tropical region settled by Europeans. Here the Australian way of life has been transplanted almost intact. But one hundred years ago, when North Queensland was settled, it was taken for granted that white men could not work in the tropics. Sugar plantations were founded on imported Pacific Island labour. Meanwhile, inland North Queensland was developed by squatters and miners whose way of thinking differed widely from the planters. How could these two traditions exist together in one community? How was the prosperity of North Queensland reconciled with the White Australia policy? In the first two generations of settlement, from 1861 to 1920, these questions were posed and answered. Professor Bolton draws on sources ranging from reports of government departments to the reminiscences of old residents to trace the social, economic, political, and human story of the early settlement of North Queensland. Since it was first published in 1963, this account of the realities of pioneering has proved so popular that it is now in its third impression.
John Curtin: an atypical Labor leader »
Publication date: 1972
Published Press Archives http://press.anu.edu.au/node/3007 1885_115087.jpg ANU Press John Curtin: an atypical Labor leader Friday, 18 August, 1972 Not available Archive Scholarly Information Services Beazley, Kim E
Australia and Asia: economic essays »
Publication date: 1972
Although Australia{u2019}s relations with Asia have been the subject of many recent books and articles, less has been written about economic relations. That is the subject of this book. The selection of essays presented here reflects the author{u2019}s recent research interests. Almost half are about trade with 1 ndonesia and that country{u2019}s economic problems. The remainder deal with past and future Australian trade with Japan and China and with some broader aspects of economic relations with southeast Asia. One essay explores the prospects for expanding trade relations between Asia and the countries of South America. The collection of these essays into one volume is of special value to students of economics, and also brings to the general reader a wealth of valuable recent information on Australia and Asia not readily available elsewhere.
The Country Party in New South Wales: a study of organisation and survival »
Publication date: 1972
For more than half a century the Country Party in Australia has defied predictions that it would collapse or wither away, fates suggested by its small parliamentary numbers and the narrow basis of its electoral support. This book is a study of the anatomy of an unusual political party. Professor Aitkin pursues the twin themes of ideology and organisation to find out to what extent the Country Party owes its survival to the ideas and philosophy it espouses and to the nature of the organisation it has constructed for itself. Although he has concentrated on the party in New South Wales since World War II, the author has ranged widely, from the party's beginnings in the stresses of the developing Australian colonies of the nineteenth century to its reactions to the crisis in the rural industries which began in the late 1960s. This is a study in depth of a political party, rare in its command of original source material, that will undoubtedly interest the rural people for whose benefit the Country Party was formed and has remained in existence. It will be required reading for all those involved in Australian politics - practitioners, journalists, scholars. It is also a book for students concerned with the role of political parties in the modern world.
Chinese strategic thinking under Mao Tse-tung »
Publication date: 1972
This paper traces the development of the military and political strategies of the Chinese Communist Party, as systematised in Mao Tse-tung's Works and other writings attributed to him and as carried out in practice during the struggle for power in China. It shows how these strategies and tactics are applied, in suitably modified form and at different levels of sophistication, to the conduct of foreign relations by the Chinese People{u2019}s Republic. The author argues that, regardless of changes in the hierarchy, the Peking government's actions abroad will continue to reflect the politico-military approach ascribed to Mao Tse-tung, although much of its past policy has now been repudiated as due to distortion of Maoism by deviationist subordinate leaders. This is a welcome addition to the literature on contemporary China by an author with a wide knowledge of Asian affairs.
Landform studies from Australia and New Guinea »
Publication date: 1971
Written by seventeen earth-scientists about regions which they have made their own through detailed field studies, these essays reflect the increased interest in the scientific study of landforms in Australia in the last fifteen years, with special concern for general principles. The studies are regionally based and have widely varying systematic themes. They blend qualitative field observation and inference with the modern stress on process, quantitative analysis, and correlative deposits. The landscapes described are continentwide, and include the first comprehensive history of Lake Eyre, Australia{u2019}s largest salt lake, set within striking desert environs. These essays discuss the effects of time on the lunar volcanic landscapes of Victoria and the older volcanic areas in New South Wales; the diverse landscapes with a common climatic history; coastal lagoons and coral reefs; for New Guinea, three dynamic settings - its Highlands, tropical rainforests, and the great shifting river-courses of its plains. This book fills the need for an up-to-date regional or systematic geomorphology with an Australian slant; but its range of systematic themes, the diversity of approach, and the richness of the Australian landforms discussed will command an international audience.
Structural landforms: landforms associated with granitic rocks, faults and folded strata »
Publication date: 1971
Up to the end of last century, landforms were viewed largely as expressions of the structure of the earth's underlying crust. But such interpretations were concerned for the most part with generalities and broad effects; the subtleties of structural factors became overshadowed first by cyclic explanations and then by the modern emphasis on process and climatic geomorphology. This book arose from the neglect of structural factors in geomorphological interpretation. Nowadays it is recognised that details of jointing and faulting, both past and present, of the stresses in folds, of past conditions of sedimentation, all play an important part in the determination of present landforms. Moreover, today's geomorphologists must think in terms not only of distribution - length and breadth - but also in terms of vertical and temporal change. The author brings this new thinking into Structural Landforms and the result is a book of great interest and importance to students of geography and geology, to teachers and professional geomorphologists. It is particularly rich in photographs and line figures, and includes an excellent bibliography.
Struggle for democracy: Sung Chiao-jen and the 1911 Chinese Revolution »
Publication date: 1971
The 1911 revolution was a momentous event in Chinese history. It overthrew the 2,000-year-old monarchical system, and tried to establish a democratic republic in its place. The failure of this first attempt to Westernise China, combined with the other frustrations of the young intellectuals who engineered the revolution, contributed in large measure to China{u2019}s disenchantment with democracy, and to her subsequent intense commitment to Communism. This book, set against the background of events, is a study of the handful of young revolutionaries who nurtured and united radical feeling in China so as to bring about the revolution; in particular, it is a study of Sung Chiao-jen, revolutionary leader, idealist, and intellectual, who was assassinated at the age of thirty at Shanghai in 1913. The beliefs and aspirations, the struggle for democracy, the disillusionments of Sung Chiao-jen and his fellow revolutionary leaders, provide the necessary background of understanding for judgments about China{u2019}s last sixty years. It is a story that everyone interested in China will want to read.
Sino-Soviet relations: the first phase, 1917-1920 »
Publication date: 1971
This study seeks to shed light on one of the mysteries of modern Chinese history - that of the Karakhan Manifesto. This remarkable document - addressed to the Chinese by the Soviet Commissariat of Foreign Affairs in 1919 - pledged the new Soviet Government to restore to China the rights and privileges forcibly extracted by Tsarism. Shortly afterwards the Chinese were told that the text they had received, containing a promise to restore unconditionally to China the Chinese Eastern Railway and other Russian possessions in Manchuria, was not authentic and another version was forwarded. This monograph discusses the problems of the different versions and the Chinese Government's apparent ignoring of the manifesto. The author's conclusions on this intriguing problem will interest scholars of Soviet policy, both foreign and domestic, Sino-Soviet relations, and modern Chinese history.
Beef in Northern Australia »
Publication date: 1971
In the harsh environment of Northern Australia cattle raising is the only industry that has survived in the hinterland for any length of time. It has faced many challenges - hostile terrain, drought, distance from markets, lack of manpower - and the vast areas catch the public imagination, attracting investors and pastoralists. What then are the prospects for the beef industry in the North? Given efficient managements - and many are not - and given constructive government policies - again, many are not - the prospects are good. The author proposes practical measures for improving quality and quantity of beef cattle as a model for future development. This book, while unsparing in its criticism of the inept and the inefficient, is a constructive study of an area vital in terms of economics, politics, and the pastoral industry.
The strategy of total withholding »
Publication date: 1971
This paper describes and criticises official strategic doctrines and what is known of the nuclear weapon safety procedures of the two superpowers. In it Dr King draws attention to many disturbing problems of safety which arise with current and future levels of deployment of nuclear weapons. He then develops the thesis that, in the event of a nuclear onslaught from an enemy power, the United States ought seriously to consider the total withholding of any nuclear response, from the points of view of her own interest and of the world at large. This fundamental re-examination of accepted nuclear strategic doctrine is bound to stimulate controversy and discussion among politicians, the armed services, scholars of international relations, and the general reader anxious to survive into the next century.
Karst »
Publication date: 1971
Rivers going underground, great springs emerging from the ground, independent hollows and basins instead of connecting valleys, deep potholes and vast caves, isolated towerlike hills reminiscent of the unbelievably steep peaks depicted in Chinese paintings - these are some of the distinctive features of karst, the name given to the kinds of country that owe their special characteristics to the unusual degree of solubility of their component rocks in natural waters. The special nature of karst is not only intrinsically interesting; it affects many aspects of life in the areas where it is found - water supplies, agriculture, engineering construction, tourism. There are, then, practical as well as scientific reasons for its study. The dramatic quality of karst landforms has caught the imagination of specialists and laymen alike. This book contains much to stimulate and inform the general reader as well as the undergraduate and high school student for whom it is written. It will be of particular interest to the hydrologist, the speleologist, and the sporting caver and potholer.
Other people's money: economic essays »
Publication date: 1971
These essays on the broad theme of monetary policy were written between 1949 and 1968 when the author was Governor of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia and later of the Reserve Bank of Australia. They record the changing patterns of thought in central banking policy during the time - a time of shifting emphasis in the theoretical concepts influencing economic analyses. To a large degree during that time it was necessary to rely on intuitive judgment about the factors at work within the economy As the author put it, 'we seem{u2026} to have always been forced to make the bricks of decision while struggling to gather the straw of understanding'. This book has both a contemporary and a historical value. Many of the problems discussed in it and with us still - inflation, the balance of payments, overseas investment - had their genesis in earlier events and are matters of signifcance to all concerned about the Australian economy today.
Lang and socialism: a study in the great depression »
Publication date: 1971
The Great Depression is a significant but neglected period in Australian history. This book describes the formation within the New South Wales Labor Party of a mass- organised ginger group, known as the Socialisation Units, which tried to convert the Party to 'socialism in our time'. The group became so strong that it was in effect a party within the Party. At the 1931 Easter Conference it succeeded in committing the Labor Party to a positive policy of socialism. Although the decision was later revised, it remains unique in the history of Australian Labor Parties. Throughout the period of the Socialisation Units, J.T. Lang presided over the New South Wales Labor Party as charismatic leader and machine boss. We read of his Inner Group's effort to contain the Units through Party management, of the defeat of the Socialisation Units after a struggle for power within the Party, and of the subsequent loss to the Labor Party of many young idealists who had been attracted by the Units. For those interested in Australian history and politics in the twentieth century this book will colour in a period so far only dimly sketched, and a political leader still seen as a hero or villain of the Great Depression.
Place and people: an ecology of a New Guinean community »
Publication date: 1971
The major purpose of this book is to describe the interaction between a place and its people. The people are a Maring-speaking clan cluster called the Bomagai-Angoiang, who number only 154 persons. Their place, or territory, is in such a remote part of the Bismarck Mountains of Australian New Guinea that the people{u2019}s first face-to-face contact with white men was delayed until 1958. Mr. Clarke{u2019}s focus is on the people{u2019}s subsistence behavior viewed ecologically. In what ways are their gardening activities controlled or limited by their physical environment? How effectively do the Bomagai-Angoiang, who have just emerged from the Stone Age, use the resources available to them? What are the crucial links between their social lives and beliefs and their relations with their habitat? In what ways has their completely noncommercial way of life brought about changes in their environment? Now that they have been attached to the western world, what changes will the future bring to the people and their isolated habitat? In order to demonstrate the interacting unity of place and people, Mr. Clarke combines the traditional subject matters of anthropology and geography, analyzing the Bomagai-Angoiang, their activities, and the elements of their physical environment as components of an ecosystem, whose structure and function he attempts to describe. He carries the "microstudy" approach to the level of the individual{u2019}s operations within the ecosystem, and also makes generalizations about the aggregate community. Many previous descriptions of place and people have emphasized either the controlling influence of place on people{u2019}s actions or, on the other hand, the ways in which inhabitants have affected their habitat. Mr. Clarke integrates these two different emphases within an ecological framework so that place and people - man and environment - are seen as parts of a single interacting system. His book differs from some studies of primitive or peasant communities in that, rather than being concerned with how the people{u2019}s lives might be more quickly enmeshed with the economy of the western world, he is interested mainly in judging the "health" of the local ecosystem - a judgment that is aided by the use of the concept of entropy content of systems.
The trading voyages of Andrew Cheyne, 1841-1844 »
Publication date: 1971
This is the record o f one man{u2019}s voyages in the Western Pacific in the 1840s, told by himself. At an early age, Andrew Cheyne came from the Shetland Islands to seek his fortune in the Pacific area, and, being a competent and trustworthy young man, was soon engaged in a series of trading voyages for different ship owners. In the four voyages described he searched for sandalwood, beche-de-mer, and other tropical produce at the Isle of Pines, New Caledonia, the Loyalty Islands and the Solomons in Melanesia, and Ponape, Yap, and Palau in Micronesia. Relations between the islanders and the Europeans, and between Cheyne and rival traders, castaways, and deserters, were by no means always harmonious. Encounters with hostile natives who relished human flesh, and with belligerent white beachcombers, added danger to already hazardous voyages. Cheyne was shocked by the godless and abandoned way of life of the native peoples, but he was an accurate observer, and it would be hard to better his careful account of the places and peoples he encountered and the details of island trade. This is one of the earliest documents on the Western Pacific by a European, a very important source for Pacific historians and anthropologists, and an exciting book for all fascinated by the early adventurers of the Pacific.
The politics of dependence: Papua New Guinea 1968 »
Publication date: 1971
This book is the record of a most unusual experiment: observations of politics at the grassroots during the second Papua New Guinea general elections by a team of distinguished anthropologists and political scientists. The outcome is a study of political change that enables a better understanding of political processes in emerging nations. It shows how the imported institutions of democratic elections and parliamentary government are perceived by the subsistence farmers and rural workers as well as evolues and expatriates, and how the emerging politicians and the colonial administration combine traditional loyalties and Western techniques as they seek to exploit these institutions. For policy makers and administrators, scholars and students, both of Papua New Guinea as it emerges into independence and of comparative politics of. other emergent nations, these studies raise issues of vital concern.
Asia and the Pacific in the 1970's: the roles of the United States, Australia and and New Zealand »
Publication date: 1971
The political character of the Asian and Pacific region is now being rudely shaken by the consequences of the Vietnam War. It is timely, therefore, to survey the present situation and the likely course of events in the region. Three broad themes emerge from this book: the fundamental change of mood in the United States and the likely consequences of a reduced American presence in Asia; the extent to which Japan is expected to dominate the region in the seventies; and the probable course of the ANZUS relationship itself. Three national viewpoints are reflected in the arguments of the contributors. The American view is preoccupied not only with the interests of the United States but with the shaping of events themselves. Australian and New Zealand concerns, however, are generally seen to be focused more specifically on the likely consequences of events on their own interests. If one concluding thought emerges, it is a pessimistic one. This is a time of revolutionary change throughout the world and especially in Asia. The world is less manageable than was once supposed. The crust of order, whether international or domestic, is dangerously thin. This is a survey of vital concern to all students of Asia, the Pacific, and the United States.
Super powers and world order »
Publication date: 1971
Will the future bring international anarchy or a more stable world order? Now that the Cold War has been replaced by something like a limited co-operation between the Western and the Eastern blocs, it is possible to take a more balanced view of great power relations. This book examines the prospects for the future of the balance of the two super powers - the United States and the Soviet Union - and the role that may be played by that great enigma, China, in the light of the recent history of relations between the powers. The United States and the Soviet Union seem to have reached an understanding in their relations, but the part that may be played by China is unpredictable. It is possible that she too may emerge as a super power, seeing her role as leader of the revolutionary forces in the underdeveloped countries throughout the world - the Third World which has also some influences on international affairs. This question, and many others of vital importance to the whole world, are examined in this book. Nine internationally known scholars contributed the essays in this volume, essays which form a valuable collection of thought and opinion on world affairs.
Outcasts in white Australia »
Publication date: 1971
The 'outcasts' of this book are those of Aboriginal descent, mainly the part-Aborigines, living on the fringes of country towns and in some of the big cities of Australia who, because of their appearance, have not 'passed' into white Australian society. They are the rejects, legislated out of the social, economic, and political life of the nation. The book should shame white Australians. It extensively documents the grim story of human injustice to which, deliberately or unwittingly, they have subjected the part- Aborigines. It raises the question of whether they are so racially prejudiced they do not even see the plight of these people, whose proper place, it appears, is on the degraded fringe, under-employed, ill-housed, ill-educated, scorned or ignored. Yet part-Aborigines are the most rapidly increasing segment of the Australian population. Are these new generations to live out their lives without justice or dignity? Or will white Australians, supporting policies of the kind proposed by Professor Rowley, open the way for justice, equality and human dignity; and provide new opportunities to share the rapidly increasing wealth of this country? This volume is the second in C.D. Rowley{u2019}s 3-volume study of 'Aboriginal Policy and Practice'. The first is The Destruction of Aboriginal Society; the third, The Remote Aborigines.
The remote Aborigines »
Publication date: 1971
This last book of Professor Rowley's trilogy on Aboriginal Policy and Practice deals with the situation of the 'full-blood' Aborigines in the centre and north of Australia. The author refers to this area as 'colonial Australia', offering reasons including the restrictions on movement by the Aborigines, with the resultant emphasis on mission and government 'settlements'; the much lower wages paid to Aborigines in the area; the withholding of social service benefits which other Australians may obtain easily; and the power vested in officials and missionaries to control Aborigines. Professor Rowley argues that, in the remote areas, policy and practice of government must be altered fundamentally, otherwise the last remnants of the tribes will be reduced to the situation described in Outcasts in White Australia. Like Rowley{u2019}s other two books, this one is an indictment of white Australian indifference to the maltreatment of an inarticulate minority. His basic argument is that no policy can now succeed without reconciliation; that governments, after two centuries, must come at last to negotiate with the Aborigines. It is also argued that even now it may not be too late to learn from the Aboriginal how to see and appreciate the continent in which we live. But this is an issue which demands some humility from non-Aboriginal Australians.