Abas, Nasir (see under Jemaah Islamiyah)
Abu Ghraib prison (see under Iraq)
Acharya, Amitav 121
Acheson, Dean 44;
  Acheson White Paper 1949: 38, 39
ADF (see Australian Defence Force)
Advancing the National Interest: Australia’s Foreign and Trade White Paper (see under Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade)
Afghanistan 3, 7, 41, 45, 52, 171;
  bin Laden, Osama in 77, 171;
  Operation Enduring Freedom in 35, 49, 53, 55, 56, 109;
  Operation Slipper in 156–57;
  Taliban in 77
Agreement on Framework for Security Cooperation between Indonesia and Australia (see under treaties)
Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud 52
air warfare destroyer 22–24, 137
aircraft:
  air-to-air refuelling tanker 138;
  Airborne Early Warning & Control 138;
  C-17 Globemaster III heavy transport 22, 138, 140;
  C-130 Hercules tactical transport 165;
  combat aircraft 14, 23–25(n41), 43, 120, 138, 144, 156–57, 181–83;
  F-16 Fighting Falcon 43;
  F-35 Lightning II joint strike fighter 24;
  F-111 Aardvark (US)/Pig (Australia) 164;
  F/A-18 Hornet 43, 135, 166;
  Mirage III 165;
  DHC-4 Caribou tactical transport 165;
  UH-1H Iroquois ‘Huey’ helicopter 165
aircraft carrier 137, 139
Akaha, Abdu Zulfidar 112
al Qaeda 31, 52, 76, 106
Albright, Madeleine 123
Allende, Salvador 36
Amos, James 54
amphibious capability 137–40;
  ships 22–24, 100, 182
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (see under treaties)
ANZUS Treaty (see under treaties)
APEC (see Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
Arbatov, Georgi 68
‘arc of instability’, concept of 6, 24, 85–89, 91–97, 99, 101–102, 135, 174
ARF (see under Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
Armitage, Richard (Rich) 100
Armoured Personnel Carrier (M-113) 165
ASEAN (see Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
ASEAN Institutes for Strategic and International Studies (see under Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) (see under Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
Ashton, Calvert 90
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 98, 122, 125
Asian financial crisis of 1997–98: 3, 86, 119–20, 122, 174–75, 180
Association of Southeast Asia 117
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 3, 88–89, 117–18, 123-26, 174;
  ASEAN Institutes for Strategic and International Studies 118;
  ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) 98, 117–19, 122–25
At-atsary, Abu Hamzah Yusuf 112
AusAID 91, 96;
  Pacific 2020: Challenges and Opportunities for Growth 96;
  White Paper Core Group 91;
  Core Group Recommendations Report for a White Paper on Australia’s aid program 91, 94, 96;
  White Paper on the Australian Government’s Overseas Aid Program 91–92, 96
Australia 1–8, 11–25, 29–33, 35, 38–39, 43, 55, 73, 85–101, 105–114, 118, 123–24, 126, 131–41, 143–60, 63–84;
  Bungendore, NSW, new defence facility near, in 156, 158–59;
  Cabinet 13, 21–22, 24, 88, 90, 147, 175, 186(n31);
  cadet college, proposed formation of, in 148;
  Canberra, policymaking in 88–89, 90, 92, 97, 100–101, 147, 174;
  (see also Australian defence policy);
  Darwin 86, 145, 152, 158–59;
  External Affairs, Department of, in 97;
  Federation 11;
  Five Year Defence Program 15;
  funding by 20–21, 126, 132, 181–82;
  Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on defence by 3, 8, 134–36, 166;
  (see also budget);
  Joint Intelligence Organisation 148;
  Potts Point, NSW 154, 159;
  Strategic Basis of Australian Defence Policy documents for 1964, 1967, 1971, 1973, 1979, 1983: 14, 16, 87;
  Treasury 133;
Australia’s National Security: A Defence Update 2003: 22
Australia’s National Security: A Defence Update 2005: 22, 105
Australia’s National Security: A Defence Update 2007: 7–8
Australia’s Strategic Planning in the 1990s: 175–76, 178–79, 183
Australia’s Strategic Policy, 1997: 20, 178–183
Australian Army 18, 85, 87, 97–98, 103(n33), 103(n35), 134–35, 137, 139, 146, 170, 172, 174, 181–82;
  Army Development Guide 18;
  Australian Approach to Warfare 144;
  Australian Army Force Vietnam (see under wars);
  (see also Australian Defence Force (ADF))
Australian Commonwealth Naval Board 145
Australian Defence, 1976: 11, 15, 134, 150, 165–69, 171, 183, 185(n19)
Australian Defence Force (ADF) 2–4, 6–8, 12, 15–25, 131–32, 134–37, 140–41, 143–45, 147, 149, 151–60, 163–64, 166–67, 170–71, 174, 176, 179–83;
  ADF deployment to Western Sahara 171;
  ADF Warfare Centre 154, 158;
  Australian Theatre Command 154;
  Australian Theatre Joint Intelligence Centre 154;
  Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) 148–49;
  Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) 17–18, 151–59;
   Assistant CDF (Operations) (ACOPS) 153, 155;
   Vice Chief of the Defence Force (VCDF) 143, 152, 154, 158;
  Chief of the Defence Force Staff (CDFS) 149–51;
  Chiefs of Staff Committee (COSC) 18, 145–50, 152, 155;
  Commander Australian Theatre (COMAST) 153–59;
  Commander Joint Forces Australia (CJFA) 152–53, 156;
  Commodore Flotillas (COMFLOT) 153–54;
  ‘defeating attacks on Australia’, doctrine of 179–80;
  Joint Exercise Planning Staff 154;
  Joint Logistics Command 158;
  Joint Offshore Protection Command 159;
  Joint Operations Command 158–60;
   Chief of Joint Operations 158, 160;
  Joint Services Staff College, concept of and as forerunner to Joint Warfare Establishment 148;
  Joint Warfare Establishment, concept and establishment of 148;
  Kangaroo military exercises 151, 161(n20);
  Strategic Command Group 155–57;
  Strategic Operations Division 157–58;
  Strategic Command Division, as forerunner of 155, 157;
  Support Command Australia 154;
  Supporting Global Interests 180;
  (see also Headquarters; wars)
Australian defence policy 1, 5–6, 11–13, 15–16, 131, 133, 139–40, 163–64, 170–71, 174–76, 184
Australian Defence Review, 1972: 14, 165
Australian Federal Police 114
Australian National University (ANU) 45, 94–95, 147, 149;
  Demography and Sociology Program at 94;
  Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC) at 16, 117–18, 123–24, 126, 133, 147, 151, 163–64, 184
Austria 46, 63
Austro-Hungarian empire 63
‘axis of evil’, concept of 73

Ba’abduh, Luqman 111–12, 116(n23);
  Mereka Adalah Teroris (They are the Terrorists) by 111
Babbage, Ross 16, 26(n26), 124
Bachelet, Michelle 36
Baghdad (see under Iraq)
Baker, John 152–53, 155–56, 167
‘balance of power’, concept of 42–44, 71, 75
‘balanced force’, concept of 139–41
Ball, Desmond 16, 119, 124
Bandow, Doug 40–41
Bangladesh 33
‘barbed wire’ reality, concept of 92–93
Barnard, Lance 14, 149
Barrie, Chris 155–56
‘battle of ideas’ (see under Indonesia)
Bay of Bengal 73
Beazley, Kim 2, 100, 166, 185(n11)
Beijing (see under People’s Republic of China)
Beirut (see under Lebanon)
Belgium 46
Bell, Coral 80, 81(n18), 87, 123;
  Dependent Ally by 123;
  Living with Giants: Finding Australia’s place in a more complex world by 126;
  ‘world out of balance’, concept of 78, 81(n18)
Belgrade (see under Serbia)
Bennett, Phillip 18, 151–53, 161(n20)
Bentley, Graham 157
Berger, Sandy 101
Berlin Wall (see under Germany)
Bevin, Ernest 44
Beyond Visual Range air-to-air combat 175
Bien Hoa province (see under Vietnam)
bin Laden, Osama (see under Afghanistan)
‘bipolar world’, concept of 29, 40;
  (see also ‘multipolar world’; ‘unipolar moment’; ‘unipolar world’)
‘bird flu’ (see H5N1 Avian Influenza)
Bisri, K. H. Mustofa 113
Blackwill, Robert 40
Blamey, Thomas 146, 161(n9)
Bland, Henry 148
Boao Forum for Asia 119, 125
Boer War (see under wars)
Bolivia 36
Bonaparte, Napoleon 143
Bonser, Marc 157
Borneo 11
Bornholm, Gary 156
Bougainville 89, 155, 172, 174;
  Operation Lagoon 155;
  (see also Papua New Guinea; Solomon Islands)
Boxing Day Tsunami (see under Indian Ocean)
Brabin-Smith, Richard 26(n23)
Brady, Martin 26(n23)
Brazil 32, 33, 36
Breen, Bob 160
Brezhnev Doctrine (of Leonid Brezhnev) 64;
  Antipodean Brezhnev Doctrine 89
budget 120, 132;
  Australian aid budget 90;
  Australian defence budget 3, 6, 8, 16, 20–21, 24, 131–36, 140–41, 143, 181;
  US budget 70
Bungendore, NSW (see under Australia)
Burma 36
Bush, George H. W., administration of 68, 70, 72
Bush, George W. 36–37, 42, 44, 51, 54, 72, 74–75, 78–79, 81(n14), 98–99, 110;
  administration of 5, 31, 37–38, 43, 49, 52, 58, 72–75, 77–80, 99

Cable News Network (CNN) (see under media)
Calderón, Felipe 36
Cambodia 20, 54, 98, 135, 153, 172, 177
Canberra (see under Australia)
Capie, David 124
Carpender, Admiral Arthur 146
Castro, Fidel 36
Central Intelligence Agency (see under United States)
Chan, Sir Julius 174
Chávez, Hugo 36, 37
Chen Shui-bian 38–39
Cheney, Richard (Dick) 70–72
Chile 36
China (see People’s Republic of China)
Clinton, William (Bill) 68–72, 122, 173
CNN (see under media)
Cocos Islands 87
Cold War 2–3, 20, 29, 38, 41–42, 49, 51, 64, 67–72, 80, 118–19, 123, 135, 169–71, 173–74, 177–78, 180
Collins-class submarine (see under submarines)
command and control arrangements 7, 16, 133, 153, 159
Commander Australian Force Vietnam (COMAFV) (see under wars)
communication 4, 14, 33, 44, 58, 75, 143, 148, 154, 186(n19)
Communism 11, 13, 64, 106, 164
‘concert of powers’, concept of 40, 42–44, 46, 80
Concert of Powers 4, 43, 45–46
Conscription 53;
  in Australia 87, 134–35, 165
continental 62;
  defence 7–8, 14, 167, 170, 183;
  forces 6, 62, 100, 151;
  operations 22, 62;
  view 164
Cook Islands 94–95
Coral Sea, battle of the (see under wars) 86
‘core force’, concept of 15–17, 20
Cosgrove, Peter, 155, 157–58
Cossa, Ralph (see under ‘Track 2’)
Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific (CSCAP) 118–19, 122
counterinsurgency (see under insurgency)
counterterrorism (see under terrorism)
Creswell, William 145
Crews, Bill 26(n23)
Cuba 36
Curtin, John 87
Czechoslovakia 64

da Silva, Lula 36
Darwin (see under Australia)
Defence Acquisition Organisation 154
Defence Act 1903 150
Defence Capability Plan 20–21, 132
Defence Efficiency Review, 1997: 154
Defence Materiel Organisation 154–55
‘defence of Australia’, doctrine of 1–3, 6, 11–12, 16–18, 20–23, 87, 97, 134–36, 139, 151, 156, 163–64, 166–71, 173–77, 179–84, 185(n16)
Defence of Australia, 1974: 14
Defence of Australia, 1987: 1, 11, 19, 164, 166, 168–71, 175, 184
Defence of Australia: Fundamental New Aspects (see under O’Neill, Robert)
Defence Reform Program 135
Defence Report, 1966: 134
Defence 2000: Our Future Defence Force (Defence 2000) 3, 6–7, 12, 20-21, 97, 138, 163, 175, 181–84
Defending Australia, 1994: 20, 176–78
Demography and Sociology Program (see under Australian National University (ANU))
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) 90, 108, 115(n19);
  Advancing the National Interest: Australia’s Foreign and Trade White Paper 108;
  Transnational Terrorism: The Threat to Australia 108
Desker, Barry 125
DFAT (see Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade)
Dibb, Paul 1–2, 87–88, 124, 174;
  Review of Australia’s Defence Capabilities, 1986 (Dibb Review) by 1, 11, 17, 19, 87, 135, 164, 166, 168
Dili (see under East Timor)
Din Syamsuddin (see under Indonesia)
Discussion Paper, 1972: 165, 167
Dobell, Bob 86, 101–102
Dobell, Graeme 6
Doolan, Ken 153, 155
Dovers, Bill 148
Downer, Alexander 85, 89, 96, 105–107, 115 (n19)
Duncan, Ron 91
Dupont, Alan 124
Dutch New Guinea (see under New Guinea)

East Asia Summit (EAS) 118, 121, 125–26
East Asian Community 121, 126;
  Council on East Asian Community 121, 127(n10)
East Timor 3, 21, 24, 85–86, 88–89, 94, 97–98, 101, 122, 155, 158, 172, 174, 181;
  Dili 89, 93, 101;
  (see also International Force East Timor)
Edwards, Peter 97
El Alamein, Egypt 102
European Union, 30, 33–34, 41, 45, 75
Evans, Gareth 89, 167, 186(n31)
Evans, Michael 97, 184
Evans, Paul (see under ‘Track 2’)
expeditionary:
  capability 1, 7–8, 23;
  forces 6, 11–12, 24, 53, 145;
  military culture 97;
  operations 1, 7, 23, 166, 168, 171, 172
External Affairs, Department of (see under Australia)

Fairhall, Allen 148
Falklands War (see under wars)
Ferguson, Niall 68
Fiji 89, 91, 94;
  coups in 90, 168, 171–72;
  Suva 92–93
Finschhafen (see under Papua New Guinea)
First Gulf War (Persian Gulf War) (see under wars)
First World War (see under wars)
Fischer, Tim 101
Five Power Defence Arrangements 88, 168
force structure 2–4, 11, 15–18, 20–25, 132–33, 135, 137–39, 180;
  Force Structure Review 1991: 135
‘fortress Australia’, concept of 11
‘forward defence’, doctrine of 11, 16, 21, 134, 136, 138–39, 164–65, 167
Four-Power Talks 118
Fox, Vincente 36
France 46, 63, 74, 86, 89
Franks, Tommy 157, 158
Fraser, Malcolm 14, 15, 149, 165–66
Freedman, Lawrence 101

G7 and G8 44–45
Garnaut, Ross 45
General Belgrano incident (see under wars)
geography (see strategic geography)
George, Lloyd 143
German New Guinea (see under New Guinea)
Germany 33, 61, 63, 64, 65, 67, 74, 86, 173;
  Berlin Wall, fall of, in 175
Gillespie, Ken 156–57
Gilling, James 91
Gleneagles meeting, 44–45
Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (see under nuclear)
globalisation 4, 29, 33, 75
Gorbachev, Mikhail 68, 171
Gorton, John 165
Gration, Peter 152, 155–56
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (see under Australia; budget)
Guam (see under United States)
Guam Doctrine (see under Nixon, Richard)
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba (see under United States)
Gulf (see Persian Gulf)
Gulf War (see under wars)

H5N1 Avian Influenza 121
Hadley, Stephen 108
Hartfiel, Robert 120
Hamas (see under Palestinian Territories)
Harries, Owen 100
Hassett, Francis 149
Hawke, Bob 137
Headquarters 17, 143, 145–46, 148, 151–60;
  Air Headquarters 152, 154;
  Australian Defence Headquarters 154–55;
   Headquarters Australian Defence Force (HDADF), superseded by 17, 151–54;
  Deployable Joint Force Headquarters 154–55, 160;
  Field Force Headquarters 151;
  1st Division Headquarters 154;
  Headquarters Australian Theatre (HQAST) 154–56, 158–59;
  Headquarters Northern Command 154;
  Headquarters Special Forces 154;
  Land Headquarters 153–54;
  Maritime Headquarters 151, 153–54;
  Operational Command Headquarters 151
Hernandez, Carolina (see under ‘Track 2’)
Hicks, Edwin 148
Hill, Robert 22, 158–59
HMS Invincible (see under United Kingdom)
Holmes, William 145
Holt, Harold 146
Honiara (see under Solomon Islands)
Houston, Angus (see also Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF)) 159
Howard, John 85, 89, 98–99, 101, 107–108;
  Government of 12, 20, 90, 98, 105–106, 136, 178, 184
Huisken, Ron 124
human security, challenges of 121, 126
humanitarian interests and relief operations 85, 91, 171, 180, 182
Hungary 64
Huntington, Samuel 93, 126
Hussein, Saddam 76

India 4, 32–35, 40, 42–43, 44–45, 63, 80, 119–20, 122, 169, 177
Indian Ocean 87, 100;
  26 December 2004 tsunami in 121–22
Indonesia 3, 5–6, 15, 19, 33, 87–88, 98, 101, 105–107, 109–114, 122, 127(n1), 134, 164–65, 168, 171–72, 174, 176, 178, 186(n19);
  ‘battle of ideas’ in 5, 105–108, 111–14;
  Din Syamsuddin in 109;
   as chairman of Muhammadiyah (Organisation) 109, 115(n19);
   as convenor of the World Peace Forum 109;
   as deputy chairman of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Indonesian Ulama Council) 109;
   as deputy secretary-general of World Islamic People’s Forum 109;
  Indonesian Police 113–14;
  International Crisis Group in 115(n21);
  Jakarta 98, 101, 110;
  Jones, Sidney in 115(n21);
  Learning Assistance Program for Islamic Schools 106;
  Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Indonesian Ulama Council) 109;
  Muhammadiyah (Organisation) 110, 112;
  Nahdlatul Ulama 110, 113;
  Pancasila, as state ideology of 109
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (see under Singapore)
insurgency 30, 49, 55–56, 76;
  counterinsurgency 55, 57–58, 76
intelligence 7, 14, 17, 19, 56, 76, 93, 105, 113, 143, 147–48, 154
International Criminal Court 73
International Crisis Group (see under Indonesia)
International Force East Timor (INTERFET) 155–56, 158, 172, 174
International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) 118, 124;
  Shangri-la Dialogue hosted by 118, 124
Iran 33–35, 37, 41–42, 50–53, 69, 78–79
Iraq 41, 45, 52, 69, 70, 74–75, 96;
  Abu Ghraib prison 76;
  Baghdad 76;
  (see also wars)
Irian Jaya 88–89, 172
Islam 31, 34, 54, 106–114;
  fundamentalism in 5, 33, 108, 112;
  Muslims 32–34, 50, 106–114;
  pluralism and 106, 108–110, 112, 114;
  radicalism in 5, 54, 106–110, 112;
  salafism as branch of 111–12, 15(n21);
  sharia law 109, 110–12;
  Shia 45;
  Sunni 45, 112
Israel 52, 112, 113–14
Italy 46

Jakarta (see under Indonesia)
Japan 11, 13, 32, 33, 39–40–42, 43, 46, 61, 63–65, 67–68, 73, 86, 118–21, 123, 125, 127(n10), 146, 169, 173, 176–67;
  Commander-in-Chief British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF) 146
Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) 105, 106, 111, 113;
  Abas, Nasir on 111;
  Samudra, Imam 111–12
jihadism 5–6, 30–31, 34–35, 105–116 (chapter 7)
Job, Brian 120, 124
Jones, Sidney (see under Indonesia)

Kangaroo military exercises (see under Australian Defence Force (ADF))
Kaplan, Lawrence 99
Kazakhstan 35
Keating, Michael 155
Keating, Paul 98
Kennan, George 44
Kennedy, John Fitzgerald 40
Keynes, John Maynard 67
Khalilzad, Zalmay 70
Killen, Jim 167
Kiribati 91–92, 94–95
Kissinger, Henry 88
Kitchener, Field Marshal 12
Koran (see Qur’an)
Korea (see North Korea; South Korea)
Korean War (see under wars)
Kraft, Herman 124
Kuala Lumpur (see under Malaysia)
Kuomintang 39
Kuwait 68, 70, 152, 156, 168
Kyoto Protocol 73
Kyrgyzstan 35

Lae (see under Papua New Guinea)
Laos 54
Latin America 32, 35–36;
  (see also individual entries for countries of Latin America)
League of Nations (see under Wilson, Woodrow)
Leahy, Peter 87, 97
Lebanon 49, 52, 113–14;
  Beirut 99
Lenin, Vladimir 106
Leningrad (St. Petersburg) (see under Russia)
Leopard tank (see under tanks)
Libby, Lewis ‘Scooter’ 70
Lippman, Walter 69
London (see under United Kingdom)

M1 Abrams tank (see under tanks)
Ma Ying-Jeou 39
MacArthur, Douglas 144, 146
Mackay, Iven 146
Mackay, Ken 144
Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Indonesian Ulama Council) (see under Indonesia)
Malaya 11, 13, 127(n1), 146
Malaysia 88–89, 134, 147;
  Kuala Lumpur 124
Malkasian, Carter 55, 59
Manchuria 63
Maphilindo 117, 127(n1)
Maritime Intelligence Centre 153
Marshall Islands 95
McLachlan, Ian 178
McMahon, William 165
McNarn, Maurie 157–58
media 58;
  Cable News Network 69;
 New York Times 68, 71;
 Sheridan, Greg 98
Menzies, Robert 136, 139, 164–65
Mexico 32, 33, 36
Middle East 22, 24, 34–37, 41, 45, 49, 51, 53–54, 125, 157;
  (see also individual entries for countries of Middle East)
Millar, Tom 147, 149, 151, 163, 168, 184
Mongolia 63
Moore, John 181
Moore-Wilton, Max 90
Morales, Evo 36
Mountbatten, Louis 144
Muhammad (Sunnah), Prophet 110, 114
Muhammadiyah (Organisation) (see under Indonesia)
Multinational Interception Force 156
‘multipolar world’ 29–30, 34–35, 42;
  (see also ‘bipolar world’; ‘unipolar moment’; ‘unipolar world’)
Musharraf, Pervez 107
Muslims (see Islam)
Myanmar (see Burma)

Nagl, John 55, 59
Nahdlatul Ulama (see under Indonesia)
Namibia 20, 171
National Security Council (see under United States)
National Security Strategy (see under United States)
Nauru 89, 91
Nelson, Brendan 24, 85
Nepal 91
Netherlands 46, 62, 63, 86
Network Central Warfare (NCW) (see under warfare)
Network of East Asian Think Tanks (NEAT) 118–19, 121, 125
New Caledonia 89;
 Noumea 89
New Guinea 86, 88, 146–47;
  New Guinea Force 146;
   Dutch New Guinea 101 (see also Irian Jaya);
   German New Guinea 145 (see also Papua New Guinea)
New York Times (see under media)
New Zealand 13, 87, 89, 95
Nigeria 32, 33
Nixon, Richard 54;
  as architect of Guam Doctrine 12, 13, 41, 99, 134, 165
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 44, 68
North Korea 34, 36–37, 40–42, 50–53, 70, 78–79, 120, 122–23, 126, 173;
  Pyongyang 123
Nott, John 101
Noumea (see under New Caledonia)
nuclear 30, 37–38, 41–43, 50–51, 73, 74, 120, 122, 173;
  Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (see under treaties);
  nuclear terrorism 50;
   Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism 51;
  nuclear weapons 4, 15, 33, 40, 50–2, 54, 62, 67–68, 73, 75
Nuku’alofa (see under Tonga)

Oberon-class submarine (see under submarines)
Official Development Assistance 90
O’Neill, Robert (Bob) 16, 151, 168;
  Defence of Australia: Fundamental New Aspects 16
Operations:
  Operation Catalyst (see under wars);
  Operation Damask (see under wars);
  Operation Enduring Freedom (see under Afghanistan);
  Operation Falconer (see under wars);
  Operation Iraqi Freedom (see under wars);
  Operation Lagoon (see under Bougainville);
  Operation Slipper (see under Afghanistan)
Ottoman Empire (see under Turkey)
‘over-the-horizon’ radar 138

Pacific Basin Economic Council 119
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council 119
Pacific Oceans Command (see under wars)
Pacific 2020: Challenges and Opportunities for Growth (see under AusAID)
Pakistan 33– 35, 43, 107
Palestinian Territories 52, 113–14;
  Hamas, election of, in 52
Pancasila, state ideology of (see under Indonesia)
Papua New Guinea (PNG) 15, 19, 88–92, 94–96, 135, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176, 186(n19);
  budget of 89;
  Finschhafen on northeast coast of 86, 146;
  Lae in 86, 101–102;
  Port Moresby 89, 92–93, 174;
  Rabaul 145;
  Sandline International crisis in 93, 135, 174
Patey, George 145
‘peer-competitors’, idea of nations as 30–31, 34–35
Pentagon (see under United States)
People’s Republic of China 3–5, 30, 32–40, 43–45, 47(n9), 61–65, 73, 80, 100, 119–20, 122, 124–25, 165, 169, 171, 173, 176–78, 182–83;
  Beijing 38, 43, 47(n9), 119, 122, 173;
  Tiananmen Square incident in 176;
  Tibet, as autonomous region of 63–64;
  Xianjiang, as autonomous region of 43
Persian Gulf 20, 32, 43, 168, 172;
  (see also wars)
Petraeus, David 54
Philippines 40, 88, 91, 127(n1)
Phuoc Tuy province (see under Vietnam)
Pinochet, Augusto 36
Population, composition, growth and ageing of 4, 24–25, 29, 32–34, 36, 41, 61, 91, 94–95, 141;
  (see also Australian National University, Demography and Sociology Program)
Port Moresby (see under Papua New Guinea)
Port Vila (see under Vanuatu)
Portugal 46, 63, 86, 89
Potts Point, NSW (see under Australia)
Powell, Colin 70, 122–23
‘pre-emption’, doctrine of 73
PRC (see People’s Republic of China)
Project for a New American Century (see under United States)
Putin, Vladimir 51
Pyongyang (see under North Korea)

Qatar 157
Quadrennial Defense Review 2001 (see under United States)
Quadrennial Defense Review 2006 (see under United States)
Qur’an 110–11, 114

Rabaul (see under Papua New Guinea)
RAAF (see Royal Australian Air Force)
RAN (see Royal Australian Navy)
Rapid Response Command 160
Reagan, Ronald 40, 71
Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) (see under Solomon Islands)
regional security institutions 117–18, 123, 126;
  (see also individual institution headings)
Republic of China (see Taiwan)
Review of Australia’s Defence Capabilities, 1986 (see under Dibb, Paul)
‘revolution in military affairs’, concept of 72
Rice, Condoleezza 42, 79, 125
Ritchie, Chris 156
Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) 21, 24, 97, 134, 137–38, 146, 151, 181;
  (see also Australian Defence Force (ADF))
Royal Australian Navy (RAN) 21, 24, 97, 137–39, 146, 153, 181;
  (see also Australian Defence Force (ADF))
Royal Navy (see under United Kingdom)
Rudd, Kevin 31, 86
Rumsfeld, Donald 34, 72
Russia 29, 32–35, 37, 40–41, 43–46, 51, 63, 73, 80;
  St. Petersburg 45;
  (see also Soviet Union)
Rwanda 20, 135, 172, 177

salafism (see under Islam)
Samoa 94–95
Samudra, Imam (see under Jemaah Islamiyah)
Sanderson, John 153
Sandline International crisis (see under Papua New Guinea)
SARS (see Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
Scherger, Frederick 147
sea-air gap 2–3, 7, 87, 97
Second World War (see under wars)
Serbia 46;
  Belgrade 122
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) 121–22
Severino, Rodolfo (see under Singapore)
Shalders, Russ 143
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) 35, 118–19, 125
Shangri-la Dialogue (see under International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS))
sharia law (see under Islam)
Sheridan, Greg (see under media)
Shia (see under Islam)
Singapore 40, 86, 88, 118, 123, 134;
 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in 123;
Severino, Rodolfo as member of 123
Six-Party Talks 118
Smith, Ric 23
Solomon Islands 24, 85–86, 89, 90–95;
  Honiara 92–93;
  Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) 89, 92
Somalia 20, 135, 153, 172, 177
Somare, Michael 90
Sopie, Noordin (see under ‘Track 2’)
South Africa 32–33
South Korea 39–41, 117–18
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) 117
Southwest Pacific Area (see under wars)
Soviet Union 29–30, 35, 41, 44, 68, 71, 119, 169, 172–73, 176, 185(n16);
  (see also Russia)
Spain 46
Special Operations Command 154, 158
St. Petersburg (see under Russia)
State Department (see under United States)
Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC) (see under Australian National University (ANU))
Strategic Basis of Australian Defence Policy (see under Australia)
‘strategic guidance’ 6, 14, 17, 19, 131–33, 135–41
strategic geography 2, 6, 13–15, 20–21, 24, 55, 86–88, 97, 99, 139
submarines 23, 25(n5), 39, 101, 104(n46), 120, 137, 159, 169;
 Collins-class submarine 166;
 Oberon-class submarine 165;
  (see also warfare)
Sudan 36
Suez, Egypt 12–13, 134
Suharto 86, 165, 171, 176, 178
Sukarno 165
Sunnah (see under Muhammad (Sunnah), Prophet)
Sunni (see under Islam)
‘superpowers’, role of 30, 119, 169
surveillance capability 14, 19, 57, 105
Suva (see under Fiji)

Taiwan 37–41, 62–65, 122, 126, 173, 179;
Taiwan Strait 122
Tajikistan 35
Taliban (see under Afghanistan)
Tange, Arthur 87, 140, 149–50, 166
tanks 22, 57;
  M1 Abrams tank 42;
 Leopard tank 134;
Taylor, Rod 153, 155
terrorism 3–5, 24, 44, 46, 49, 54, 69–70, 74, 76–77, 85, 105–114, 120–21, 124;
  counterterrorism 5, 105–108, 110, 113–14, 136;
  (see also nuclear; United States; ‘war on terror’)
Tet Offensive (see under wars)
Thailand 88, 134
Tiananmen Square incident (see under People’s Republic of China)
Tibet (see under People’s Republic of China)
Tonga 91–95
  Nuku’alofa 93
Top, Noordin Mohammed 105
‘Track 1’ (official track) 118, 121;
  (see also entries for entities such as the ASEAN Regional Forum; Shanghai Cooperation Organization; and East Asia Summit)
‘Track 2’ (unofficial track) 118, 121–22, 124;
  Cossa, Ralph and involvement with 124;
  Evans, Paul and involvement with 124;
  Hernandez, Carolina and involvement with 124;
  Sopie, Noordin and involvement with 124;
  (see also entries for entities such as the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific; and Network of East Asian Think Tanks)
Transnational Terrorism: The Threat to Australia (see under Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade)
treaties 40, 67, 98, 131;
  Agreement on Framework for Security Cooperation between Indonesia and Australia 98;
  Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 73;
  ANZUS Treaty 123;
  Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 15, 42–43, 73;
  Treaty of Amity and Cooperation 123
Treloar, Bob 155
tri-Service officer cadet academy, proposal for 148
Truman, Harry S. 39, 44
Tse-tung, Mao (see Zedong, Mao)
Turkey 63;
  Ottoman Empire 46, 63
Tuvalu 92, 94
28th Commonwealth Brigade (see under war)

‘unipolar moment’ 5, 29, 68, 76;
  (see also ‘bipolar world’; ‘multipolar world’, ‘unipolar world)
‘unipolar world’ 4, 29, 30–31, 42, 79, 80;
  (see also ‘bipolar world’; ‘multipolar world’, ‘unipolar moment’)
United Kingdom 2, 11–13, 43–45, 49, 55, 62–63, 101, 123, 145–46, 164, 168;
  London 106;
  Royal Navy 12, 138, 145;
   HMS Invincible 138;
  Thatcher Government (see under wars)
United Nations 3, 33, 39, 44–46, 64, 67, 70, 90, 122, 153, 172, 177, 180;
United Nations Security Council 45
United States of America 2–3, 5–7, 11–13, 24, 29–44, 47(n9), 49–55, 62–65, 67–80(chapter 5), 86, 96–101, 103, 109, 113–14, 118–19, 121–25, 133–34, 136, 146–47, 156–58, 164–65, 167–69, 173, 176–78, 180, 184, 185(n16);
  Center for Naval Analyses 55;
  Central Intelligence Agency 109;
  Declaration of Independence 69;
  11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on 3, 22, 30–31, 34–35, 41, 51, 73–75, 77–78, 118, 121–22, 156, 184;
  Guam, as unincorporated territory of 39;
  Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba 113;
  National Security Council 42;
  National Security Strategy 71;
  Pentagon, 43, 79;
   funding of 70–71;
   views and strategy of 30, 33–34, 38, 70–75, 77;
  Project for a New American Century 72;
 Quadrennial Defense Review 2001 73;
 Quadrennial Defense Review 2006 34;
  State Department 42, 79, 100;
  US Congress 37, 43, 70, 76, 100;
  US economy 67;
  US military 7, 30, 41, 70, 96–97, 99, 133;
   American Second Field Force 148;
   US Air Force 39;
   US Army 53–54;
   US Army Field Manual 3-24 54, 59;
   US Central Command 158;
   US Commander Pacific Fleet 100;
   US Marine Corps (USMC) 53–55, 100;
  US-Australian Joint Facilities 169;
  US-Japan-Australia Trilateral Strategic Dialogue 118;
  US-Japan-South Korea Trilateral Coordination and Oversight Group 118;
  Washington, D.C. policymaking in 31, 34–43, 46(n5), 67–70, 73–77, 101;
  (see also wars)
uranium, selling of 43
Uzbekistan 36

Vanuatu 89, 91, 94–95, 172;
 Port Vila 92
Venezuela 36, 37
Viet Cong (see under wars)
Vietnam 33, 98, 134;
 Bien Hoa province 147;
 Phuoc Tuy province 147;
Vietnam War (see under wars)

Wallace, Jim 98
Wanandi, Jusef 124
wars:
 Boer War 145;
 Falklands War 101, 104(n46), 138;
  General Belgrano incident 101, 104(n46);
  Thatcher Government during 101;
 First World War 12, 41–42, 67, 87, 143, 145;
  Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force 145;
 Korean War 39, 146, 173;
  Commander-in-Chief British Commonwealth Force Korea during 146;
  28th Commonwealth Brigade in 146;
 1990–91 Persian Gulf War (including Operation Damask) 68, 70, 71, 152–53, 168, 172, 177;
 Second World War 11, 13, 14, 41–42, 61, 63–64, 67, 86–87, 134–35, 139, 144–45, 152, 164;
  Central War Room 145;
  Combined Operational Intelligence Centre 145;
  Coral Sea (battle) 86;
  Northern Territory Force 146;
  Pacific Oceans Command 144;
  Pearl Harbor, attacks on, during 67, 85;
  Southwest Pacific Area 144, 146;
 2003 Iraq War (including Operations Catalyst, Falconer and Iraqi Freedom) 3–5, 7, 30–1, 42, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 64, 75–79, 96–97, 99, 114, 136, 157–58, 184;
 Vietnam War 11, 18, 49, 54–56, 68, 87–88, 96, 101, 103(n33), 134–36, 145–48, 165–66, 168, 171–72;
  Australian Army Force Vietnam 146;
  Australian Force Vietnam 146, 148;
   Commander Australian Force Vietnam (COMAFV) 144, 146–47;
   Tet Offensive 41;
   Viet Cong 56;
 (see also Cold War; ‘war on terror’)
‘war on terror’ 73, 75–76, 105, 108–110, 113–14, 121, 184
Ware, Helen 94
warfare 24, 52, 137, 139, 144;
 anti-submarine warfare 24;
 asymmetric warfare 30;
 mine warfare 24;
 Network-Centric Warfare (NCW) 24
Washington, D.C. (see under United States)
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) 24, 70, 76
Weinberger, Caspar 99–100
West Papua (see Irian Jaya)
White, Hugh 2–3, 23, 124
White Paper Core Group (see under AusAID)
White Paper on the Australian Government’s Overseas Aid Program (see under AusAID)
Whitlam, Gough 134, 167
Wilson, Woodrow 43–44;
 League of Nations as Wilsonian system of 43–44
Wilton, John 144, 146–49
Wolfowitz, Paul 70
Woodward, Bob 75, 81(n14);
Plan of Attack, book by 75
World Conference on Religion and Peace 109
World Islamic People’s Forum (see under Indonesia)
‘world out of balance’, concept of (see under Bell, Coral)
World Peace Forum (see under Indonesia)

Xianjiang (see under People’s Republic of China)

Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang 107
Yugoslavia 64

Zedong, Mao 38, 64
Zemin, Jiang 122
Zoellick, Robert 38, 42, 43, 47(n9)
Zulfidar, Abduh 112