Displaying results 2601 to 2610 of 2610.

Printers and politics: a history of the Australian printing unions, 1850-1950 »

Publication date: 1966

Printing from movable type began in Europe in the fifteenth century, and those who commanded 'the art and mystery of printing' had a special place in society as men of skill, learning, and comfortable means. When the industrial revolution lowered the status of their craft, printers formed their first trade unions in an attempt to preserve or regain established privileges. Some of those who sought work in Australia during the gold rushes formed unions in the 1850s from which present-day unions are descended. This book outlines the struggles of the various Australian printing unions during their first hundred years, through economic depression, war, and technological revolution. Newspaper compositors were Australia's first printing unionists, and one measure of their success is that they remain today the highest-paid of all craftsmen. The author shows the printing unions in the context of the labour movement as a conservative force that relied mainly on arbitration - although one of their few strikes actually earned them a profit. Today they are one of Australia{u2019}s largest and most prosperous unions and one of the largest printing unions in the English-speaking world.

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The formation of the Australian Country Parties »

Publication date: 1966

This book analyses the social and eco nomic factors which led to the rise of the Country Parties in Australia, and shows that they were related to the agrarian parties of the Canadian Prairie Provinces and the American Mid-West. All these movements, Dr Graham suggests, reflected the social insecurity of the countrymen as well as their determination to improve their economic status and to gain a more secure position in the political structure of their community. The marketing and price controls in troduced during World War I had a direct effect on the agricultural and pas toral interests of Australia, and members of this faction entered politics with the object of forming efficient and vigorous pressure groups and country parties in Parliament. By 1920, such parties had been formed in all but the Tasmanian Parliament, and tlte National and Labor Parties found themselves experiencing the utmost diffi culty in coping with the new arrival. In their first years, the Country Parties experimented with a variant of the balance-of-power strategy, used by several of the Labor Parties before the war, but by 1923 they had adopted the policy of co-operating with the Nationalists in government and parliament. A new balance had been achieved within the Australian party system, but this book suggests that the ease with which the Country Party was tamed has been exaggerated, and that the new role was not accepted without dissent by the Country Parties{u2019}rank and file.

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American investment in Australian industry »

Publication date: 1966

Never before in Australia{u2019}s history has there been so much popular concern over the growth of foreign investment in the economy. Why can Australians not buy shares in so many of the large foreign-owned subsidiaries? Are they being exploited by highly profitable foreign companies? Is Australia losing control of its own economic destiny? These and other questions are increasingly worrying not only the ordinary citizen but also senior government ministers. In this controversial book, written as much for the interested layman as for the economist, Dr Brash attempts answers to many of these questions. His study deals only with American corporate investment in Australian manufacturing industry, but his conclusions are significant for any country that is concerned about large amounts of foreign capital invested in its industry. In the author{u2019}s own words {u2018}the conclusions of the study may well be unpopular with both Right and Left{u2019}.

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Industrial labour and politics: the dynamics of the labour movement in eastern Australia 1900-1921 »

Publication date: 1965

Industrial Labour and Politics is a new examination of some of the crucial questions of Australian labour politics - the relation of the industrial and political wings of the labour movement, the conflicts between Labor politicians and the extra-parliamentary organizations, and the part played by left-wing minorities in the movement. This study is centred on the movement's formative years, the first two decades of this century, when the first Labor governments were formed and such 'settled policies' as the reliance on arbitration, the 'socialist objective', and control of the parliamentary parties by the party conferences, were first established. As well as providing an extensive analysis of the Australian labour movement in these years, this book tells in detail, for the first time, some of the most remarkable episodes in the history of the movement - the general strike of 1917, the imprisonment of twelve Industrial Workers of the World for arson and conspiracy, the origins of the Communist party, the Labor split over conscription. The book is thus concerned more with the internal politics of the movement than with its place in Australian life and society as a whole.

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A bibliography for Australian universities »

Publication date: 1965

Published Press Archives http://press.anu.edu.au/node/3439 1885_114778.jpg ANU Press A bibliography for Australian universities Wednesday, 18 August, 1965 Not available Archive Scholarly Information Services Caiden, Naomi J

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The ilex tree »

Publication date: 1965

Les A. Murray and Geoffrey Lehmann are two young Australian poets whose work has recently begun attracting attention. Both write enjoyably, preferrring lucidity and clarity of image. Les Murray works from a deep attachment to countryside and the past; his earlier work is concerned largely with imagined situations and modes of existence, especially war, but more recently he has come to explore a more immediate world of his own experience, and his verse has become tenderer and more natural. Geoffrey Lehmann, on the other hand, is a poet of city and sea. He prefers legend and mask to direct lyrical statement, but his elegant surfaces conceal much in tensity of feeling. The two poets have been good friends for several years, and this book is, in part, a result of their friendship.

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Refugee settlers: a study of displaced persons in Australia »

Publication date: 1965

In 1953 Dr Jean Martin went to live in a Migrant Hostel in {u2018}Burton{u2019},' the name she gives to one of Australia{u2019}s larger provincial cities. Amongst the Displaced Persons in the Hostel and in the town, she found much of pain, bewilderment, suspicion, and fear, but {u2018}looking back now, I think that the patience, friendliness, and trust shown to me were quite remarkable, considering how time-consuming, impertinent, and even frivolous my inquiries must at times have seemed{u2019}. In 1962 she set out to locate the people she had known at that time, now scattered through two states, to find out what changes had taken place in their lives and attitudes since she had worked among them. Dr Martin{u2019}s purpose was to see the extent to which Australia{u2019}s Displaced Person had been assimilated into the community: how far they had learned new patterns of behaviour, and adopted new values and norms and assumed new roles; to what extent they had come {u2018}to feel a sense of belonging in the new society, with all that this implies in terms of self-perceptions, allegiances, and responsibilities; and [to find] satisfaction in these new activities and loyalties{u2019}. In her compassionate and objective study, in the course of which she chronicles in detail some of the migrants{u2019} life histories, Dr Martin raises a number of problems about the migrants{u2019} relations with their hosts - both as individuals and as members of organizations - which should prod thoughtful Australians into serious consideration and reassessment of their attitudes to their immigrant settlers.

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Kinship and conflict: a study of an aboriginal community in northern Arnhem Land »

Publication date: 1965

This is a study of kinship and conflict among a group of Aborigines who only recently abandoned their nomadic existence to live on a government settlement. Given the current rate of change in Australia, it will be among the last first-hand accounts of traditional Aboriginal social life. The book has two main aims. The first is to correct the impression that Aborigines are automata mechanically following tribal law in everything they do, or, as it has been put recently, 'algebraic electronic computets ticking away with no problem to solve. The second is to present for the first time a systematic analysis of disputes in an Aboriginal community, most of them over women. Far more is known, and written, about Australian social organizations than about clashes of interest within them. The author demonstrates clearly that a better knowledge of the second subject might have prevented misunderstandings about the first. The fact that this is a work of scholarship does not prevent the essential drama of these complex situations from showing through. The author's use of diagram to illuminate the different relationships is particularly useful.

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The French socialists and tripartisme 1944-1947 »

Publication date: 1965

This book is concerned with a period of post-war economic recovery and political change when Socialists, Communists, Christian Democrats, and - until January 1946 - General de Gaulle were forced to work together to carry out basic reforms and draw up the Constitution of the Fourth French Republic. The alliance forged in the Resistance during the war became an alliance subject to political stresses and strains in which the Socialists were the mediators between, on the one hand, the Christian Democrats and the Communists, and, on the other, General de Gaulle. In an alliance government, conflict of party ideas and ideals seems inevitable. The Socialist leaders were convinced that parliamentary democracy would survive in France only if a regime of monolithic parties, bound together in firm alliances, were to provide the basis of stable government. The price they paid was heavy: a loss of internal stability and confidence in their organization and repudiation of the leadership that had guided the party through the ordeal of resistance against the Germans and through political reconstruction. Leon Blum, leader of the pre-war Popular Front, and Daniel Mayer tried to persuade the party of the necessity to revise its doctrine in order to command liberal middle-class support. They failed, and were succeeded by Guy Mollet. But he was soon forced to return to the Dolicies they had laid down.

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The Papua-New Guinea elections 1964 »

Publication date: 1965

The first firm step towards independence for the people of Papua-New Guinea was taken in 1964 with the election of a representative legislature. This book describes how the Members of the House of Assembly were chosen. Officials conducting the elections were confronted with the difficulties of making the electoral process comprehensible to men and women who had had no previous contact with the institutions of modern government. At the same time the local candidates lacked a party organization or a nationalist movement or ideology through which to appeal to the voters. In such circumstances the usual pattern of election studies, focused on a national campaign, would have been inappropriate. Instead the core of this book consists of twelve studies of different constituencies, typical of different parts of Papua and New Guinea, each written by an anthropologist or a political scientist who was either working in the area or visited it for the election period. These studies have a common framework, and they are accompanied by chapters on the Legislative Councils which preceded the House of Assembly, on the political education campaign conducted by the Australian Administration and on the administration of the elections themselves, on a seminar which was held after the elections to train the new Members in their parliamentary duties, and on the first two meetings of the House of Assembly. The authors provide a wealth of material on the problems of transitional political systems, few of which are so fragmented or so underdeveloped as Papua-New Guinea. Their book is also a contribution to the political history of that country, and as such reveals much of crucial importance about Australia{u2019}s nearest neighbour.

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