Displaying results 1491 to 1500 of 2610.

Struggle for democracy: Sung Chiao-jen and the 1911 Chinese Revolution »

Publication date: 1971

The 1911 revolution was a momentous event in Chinese history. It overthrew the 2,000-year-old monarchical system, and tried to establish a democratic republic in its place. The failure of this first attempt to Westernise China, combined with the other frustrations of the young intellectuals who engineered the revolution, contributed in large measure to China{u2019}s disenchantment with democracy, and to her subsequent intense commitment to Communism. This book, set against the background of events, is a study of the handful of young revolutionaries who nurtured and united radical feeling in China so as to bring about the revolution; in particular, it is a study of Sung Chiao-jen, revolutionary leader, idealist, and intellectual, who was assassinated at the age of thirty at Shanghai in 1913. The beliefs and aspirations, the struggle for democracy, the disillusionments of Sung Chiao-jen and his fellow revolutionary leaders, provide the necessary background of understanding for judgments about China{u2019}s last sixty years. It is a story that everyone interested in China will want to read.

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Sino-Soviet relations: the first phase, 1917-1920 »

Publication date: 1971

This study seeks to shed light on one of the mysteries of modern Chinese history - that of the Karakhan Manifesto. This remarkable document - addressed to the Chinese by the Soviet Commissariat of Foreign Affairs in 1919 - pledged the new Soviet Government to restore to China the rights and privileges forcibly extracted by Tsarism. Shortly afterwards the Chinese were told that the text they had received, containing a promise to restore unconditionally to China the Chinese Eastern Railway and other Russian possessions in Manchuria, was not authentic and another version was forwarded. This monograph discusses the problems of the different versions and the Chinese Government's apparent ignoring of the manifesto. The author's conclusions on this intriguing problem will interest scholars of Soviet policy, both foreign and domestic, Sino-Soviet relations, and modern Chinese history.

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Beef in Northern Australia »

Publication date: 1971

In the harsh environment of Northern Australia cattle raising is the only industry that has survived in the hinterland for any length of time. It has faced many challenges - hostile terrain, drought, distance from markets, lack of manpower - and the vast areas catch the public imagination, attracting investors and pastoralists. What then are the prospects for the beef industry in the North? Given efficient managements - and many are not - and given constructive government policies - again, many are not - the prospects are good. The author proposes practical measures for improving quality and quantity of beef cattle as a model for future development. This book, while unsparing in its criticism of the inept and the inefficient, is a constructive study of an area vital in terms of economics, politics, and the pastoral industry.

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The strategy of total withholding »

Publication date: 1971

This paper describes and criticises official strategic doctrines and what is known of the nuclear weapon safety procedures of the two superpowers. In it Dr King draws attention to many disturbing problems of safety which arise with current and future levels of deployment of nuclear weapons. He then develops the thesis that, in the event of a nuclear onslaught from an enemy power, the United States ought seriously to consider the total withholding of any nuclear response, from the points of view of her own interest and of the world at large. This fundamental re-examination of accepted nuclear strategic doctrine is bound to stimulate controversy and discussion among politicians, the armed services, scholars of international relations, and the general reader anxious to survive into the next century.

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Karst »

Publication date: 1971

Rivers going underground, great springs emerging from the ground, independent hollows and basins instead of connecting valleys, deep potholes and vast caves, isolated towerlike hills reminiscent of the unbelievably steep peaks depicted in Chinese paintings - these are some of the distinctive features of karst, the name given to the kinds of country that owe their special characteristics to the unusual degree of solubility of their component rocks in natural waters. The special nature of karst is not only intrinsically interesting; it affects many aspects of life in the areas where it is found - water supplies, agriculture, engineering construction, tourism. There are, then, practical as well as scientific reasons for its study. The dramatic quality of karst landforms has caught the imagination of specialists and laymen alike. This book contains much to stimulate and inform the general reader as well as the undergraduate and high school student for whom it is written. It will be of particular interest to the hydrologist, the speleologist, and the sporting caver and potholer.

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Other people's money: economic essays »

Publication date: 1971

These essays on the broad theme of monetary policy were written between 1949 and 1968 when the author was Governor of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia and later of the Reserve Bank of Australia. They record the changing patterns of thought in central banking policy during the time - a time of shifting emphasis in the theoretical concepts influencing economic analyses. To a large degree during that time it was necessary to rely on intuitive judgment about the factors at work within the economy As the author put it, 'we seem{u2026} to have always been forced to make the bricks of decision while struggling to gather the straw of understanding'. This book has both a contemporary and a historical value. Many of the problems discussed in it and with us still - inflation, the balance of payments, overseas investment - had their genesis in earlier events and are matters of signifcance to all concerned about the Australian economy today.

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Lang and socialism: a study in the great depression »

Publication date: 1971

The Great Depression is a significant but neglected period in Australian history. This book describes the formation within the New South Wales Labor Party of a mass- organised ginger group, known as the Socialisation Units, which tried to convert the Party to 'socialism in our time'. The group became so strong that it was in effect a party within the Party. At the 1931 Easter Conference it succeeded in committing the Labor Party to a positive policy of socialism. Although the decision was later revised, it remains unique in the history of Australian Labor Parties. Throughout the period of the Socialisation Units, J.T. Lang presided over the New South Wales Labor Party as charismatic leader and machine boss. We read of his Inner Group's effort to contain the Units through Party management, of the defeat of the Socialisation Units after a struggle for power within the Party, and of the subsequent loss to the Labor Party of many young idealists who had been attracted by the Units. For those interested in Australian history and politics in the twentieth century this book will colour in a period so far only dimly sketched, and a political leader still seen as a hero or villain of the Great Depression.

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Place and people: an ecology of a New Guinean community »

Publication date: 1971

The major purpose of this book is to describe the interaction between a place and its people. The people are a Maring-speaking clan cluster called the Bomagai-Angoiang, who number only 154 persons. Their place, or territory, is in such a remote part of the Bismarck Mountains of Australian New Guinea that the people{u2019}s first face-to-face contact with white men was delayed until 1958. Mr. Clarke{u2019}s focus is on the people{u2019}s subsistence behavior viewed ecologically. In what ways are their gardening activities controlled or limited by their physical environment? How effectively do the Bomagai-Angoiang, who have just emerged from the Stone Age, use the resources available to them? What are the crucial links between their social lives and beliefs and their relations with their habitat? In what ways has their completely noncommercial way of life brought about changes in their environment? Now that they have been attached to the western world, what changes will the future bring to the people and their isolated habitat? In order to demonstrate the interacting unity of place and people, Mr. Clarke combines the traditional subject matters of anthropology and geography, analyzing the Bomagai-Angoiang, their activities, and the elements of their physical environment as components of an ecosystem, whose structure and function he attempts to describe. He carries the "microstudy" approach to the level of the individual{u2019}s operations within the ecosystem, and also makes generalizations about the aggregate community. Many previous descriptions of place and people have emphasized either the controlling influence of place on people{u2019}s actions or, on the other hand, the ways in which inhabitants have affected their habitat. Mr. Clarke integrates these two different emphases within an ecological framework so that place and people - man and environment - are seen as parts of a single interacting system. His book differs from some studies of primitive or peasant communities in that, rather than being concerned with how the people{u2019}s lives might be more quickly enmeshed with the economy of the western world, he is interested mainly in judging the "health" of the local ecosystem - a judgment that is aided by the use of the concept of entropy content of systems.

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The trading voyages of Andrew Cheyne, 1841-1844 »

Publication date: 1971

This is the record o f one man{u2019}s voyages in the Western Pacific in the 1840s, told by himself. At an early age, Andrew Cheyne came from the Shetland Islands to seek his fortune in the Pacific area, and, being a competent and trustworthy young man, was soon engaged in a series of trading voyages for different ship owners. In the four voyages described he searched for sandalwood, beche-de-mer, and other tropical produce at the Isle of Pines, New Caledonia, the Loyalty Islands and the Solomons in Melanesia, and Ponape, Yap, and Palau in Micronesia. Relations between the islanders and the Europeans, and between Cheyne and rival traders, castaways, and deserters, were by no means always harmonious. Encounters with hostile natives who relished human flesh, and with belligerent white beachcombers, added danger to already hazardous voyages. Cheyne was shocked by the godless and abandoned way of life of the native peoples, but he was an accurate observer, and it would be hard to better his careful account of the places and peoples he encountered and the details of island trade. This is one of the earliest documents on the Western Pacific by a European, a very important source for Pacific historians and anthropologists, and an exciting book for all fascinated by the early adventurers of the Pacific.

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The politics of dependence: Papua New Guinea 1968 »

Publication date: 1971

This book is the record of a most unusual experiment: observations of politics at the grassroots during the second Papua New Guinea general elections by a team of distinguished anthropologists and political scientists. The outcome is a study of political change that enables a better understanding of political processes in emerging nations. It shows how the imported institutions of democratic elections and parliamentary government are perceived by the subsistence farmers and rural workers as well as evolues and expatriates, and how the emerging politicians and the colonial administration combine traditional loyalties and Western techniques as they seek to exploit these institutions. For policy makers and administrators, scholars and students, both of Papua New Guinea as it emerges into independence and of comparative politics of. other emergent nations, these studies raise issues of vital concern.

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