Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names »

Publication date: 1974

Published Press Archives http://press.anu.edu.au/node/3203 1885_114913.jpg ANU Press Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names Sunday, 18 August, 1974 Not available Archive Scholarly Information Services Tindale, Norman B.

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Aborigines in the Northern Territory cattle industry »

Publication date: 1974

Perhaps nowhere in Australia have working and living conditions for Aborigines been so bad as on Northern Territory cattle stations. Though the Aborigines{u2019} skill in handling cattle is acknowledged by their white employers, rarely have they gained recognition in any material way. None were paid full wages, many were fortunate if they received any cash wages at all, almost all lived in appalling conditions, and many were subjected to physical violence. These facts emerge clearly from Dr Stevens{u2019}s thorough research into the conditions obtaining on Territory pastoral properties in the 1960s. During surveys in 1965 followed up in 1967, Dr Stevens questioned employers and both black and white workers in the industry, eliciting some revealing replies. It was apparent that the Aboriginal workers were fully aware of their degraded position and the way in which they were exploited. Where possible Dr Stevens visited the Aboriginal station {u2018}camps{u2019}, though he met with opposition from some station owners, reluctant to allow him free access. In almost all of them the living conditions were primitive, the best of accommodation being little more than a corrugated iron hut. Few camps had running water or cooking facilities. In the growing awareness of the Aborigines{u2019} plight in Australia, this book is an important testimony of the conditions in which many lived and worked, conditions that must no longer be allowed to exist.

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The Marquesan journal of Edward Robarts, 1797-1824 »

Publication date: 1974

Edward Robarts was among other things whaler, beachcomber, Tahitian rum producer, Tuamotuan pearler, butler in Penang, gardener and policeman in Calcutta. He deserted his ship in 1798 in the Marquesas, and lived there as a native, where he was adopted by the chiefly families, married a chief's daughter, and fought in battle as a Marquesan warrior. He spent longer in the islands than did most eighteenth century beachcombers, and got to know more about Polynesian society than did most other early observers. After leaving the Marquesas Robarts was employed in Penang as butler to a relative of the Raffles family. Raffles introduced him to Dr Leyden, under whose patronage he wrote this Journal. Now published for the first time, it is as Robarts wrote it, although Professor Dening has made some minor concessions to readability, as well as providing the invaluable introduction and annotations. Robarts's account of his Marquesan life is the single richest source of material yet published on this least known and unders tood of all Polynesian people. The scholar will find that Robarts{u2019}s ethnography modifies some later preconceptions about the Marquesas, and throws new light on the processes of cultural change in the Pacific. For the general reader the book is an enthralling autobiography of a common man who led a most uncommon life.

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British immigrants and Australia: a psycho-social inquiry »

Publication date: 1974

Since World War II many thousands of Britons have emigrated to Australia, most of them to settle permanently but some to return home or move on elsewhere. Why they decided to emigrate and what changes in beliefs, attitudes and behaviour occurred after their arrival in Australia are the subject of this book. Basing his work largely on an extensive survey among assisted passage British migrants before they left Britain and after intervals of two and seven years in Australia, Dr Richardson examines the various stages through which immigrants pass in the process of settling down in their new country and he discusses the intriguing questions of why some British immigrants change to the point where they consider themselves more Australian than British while others remain inalienably British. This is an important work for theorists of immigrant behaviour - drawing as it does on the findings of other researchers in the field - and for administrators responsible for the welfare of British immigrants in Australia. The immigrants themselves will find it helpful to discover that they are not alone in their problems and perplexities.

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The Australian experience: critical essays on Australian novels »

Publication date: 1974

In its challenge to look afresh at sixteen novels about the Australian experience of life - novels as different as Harris's Emigrant Family, Stow's Tourmaline, Keneally's Jimmie Blacksmith or White's Vivisector - this book adds a new dimension to Australian literary criticism. The novels range from the nineteenth century to today; their subjects are as diverse as colonial utopianism, the savagery of the convict system, the treatment of primitive peoples, war and nationalism. Yet through them all runs one universal, human theme: the search for self-understanding. Lucid and informed, on occasion provocative and contradictory, this collection of critical essays is essentially an exercise in discovery or rediscovery by many distinguished writers. Not all readers will accept these highly personal revaluations - many will be exasperated by them - but none will fail to enjoy their challenge.

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The great white walls are built: restrictive immigration to North America and Australasia, 1836-1888 »

Publication date: 1974

Before the 1840s only a trickle of Cantonese 'coolies and labourers' had come to the Pacific region. But in the great goldrushes of 1848 to 1854 in California, Eastern Australia, New Zealand, and British Columbia the trickle became a flood. When gold began to peter out, the Chinese remained, enjoying a brief period of humanitarian liberalism. But in the 1870s renewed immigration aroused fear of slave labour and racist antipathy towards 'inferior' races. One by one the four areas erected barriers against the Chinese, by severe restriction on immigration and harsh discriminatory control of the settlers. In describing their evolution and growth Dr Price distinguishes common sources for what seem purely local grievances, and shows how widespread everyday pressures gave rise to policies apparently baseless and unnecessary. These policies were the great white walls', analogous with China's Great Wall built to keep out the barbarians. This humane study looks at coloured migration from the point of its victims as well as from that of the dominant white society. It shows that the notorious 'White Australia Policy' is not unique but had its counterparts in the other regions of the Pacific. It adds a new dimension to understanding the political, social, economic, and moral forces that caused savage and widespread restrictions on coloured immigration.

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The economics of population: an introduction »

Publication date: 1974

The potentially explosive force of population growth poses questions to which the answers given by scientists of recent decades have often generated more heat than light. In this book we have an economist's approach to the problem. Professor Pitchford discusses the long-run relationships between a country's population and its economic development, exploring ways in which population policy can be directed towards improving economic welfare. Assuming no specialised knowledge of economics, Professor Pitchford guides his reader lucidly through the concepts of production and employment to an important reformulation of the concept of optimum population. With the help of clear diagrams he introduces the various theories of population change and standard models of population processes before returning to optimum population and practical policies for attaining balanced states. Throughout, particular stress is laid on the place in economic theory of both renewable and exhaustible resources. This is a book for students of economics, demography and ecology, for policy makers and for the growing body of people showing intelligent concern for the problems of an increasingly crowded planet.

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The New Guinea memoirs of Jean Baptiste Octave Mouton »

Publication date: 1974

In 1880 young Jean Baptiste Octave Mouton left Belgium and his trade as wigmaker's apprentice to better his prospects in the Pacific. With his father, a leather worker, he joined the rascally Marquis de Rays's ill-fated colonising venture in New Ireland and stayed to become a wealthy trader and copra planter. Mouton was refreshingly free of the pompous superiority of most Europeans. He was not misled by his own preconceptions but sympathised with native feelings and perceived something of the relationship of custom to the institutions of kinship and authority. Indeed he married a local woman and adopted certain local practices - inevitable incurring the disapproval of his European fellow-settlers. His 'Memoirs', impassive, matter-of-fact and impersonal in style, illustrate a dramatic theme: the impact of European arrival on small, isolated but stable communities, and the disruption caused to traditional ways of life. Recollections such as these throw valuable light on a poorly-documented period of New Guinea history and provide an account of such colourful figures as Thomas Farrell, the legendary Queen Emma - and Mouton himself.

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Beyond the village: local politics in Madang, Papua New Guinea »

Publication date: 1974

Papua New Guinea is on the verge of political independence and this volume gives important insights into the way its inhabitants are dealing with the new political institutions that have impinged upon them in the last years of colonial rule. The title suggests both the scope of the book and its main theme: it is not a study of a single village but of a district; and recent developments have widened the political horizons of its inhabitants in interesting ways. Dr Morauta shows how the people of Madang interpret the institutions of political representation; and her book gives continuity to previous studies, for it also reports on the activities of the now famous cargo cult leader Yali and his supporters. Yali{u2019}s cult has become virtually institutionalised and provides opportunities that compete with the administration{u2019}s political structures for the individual{u2019}s alignment.

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